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Thursday, May 11, 2006 | Reason : Science of Religion | print version Print | Comments

Document The Emptiness of Theology

by Richard Dawkins

from Free Inquiry magazine, Volume 18, Number 2.

A dismally unctuous editorial in the British newspaper the Independent recently asked for a reconciliation between science and "theology." It remarked that "People want to know as much as possible about their origins." I certainly hope they do, but what on earth makes one think that theology has anything useful to say on the subject?

Science is responsible for the following knowledge about our origins. We know approximately when the universe began and why it is largely hydrogen. We know why stars form and what happens in their interiors to convert hydrogen to the other elements and hence give birth to chemistry in a world of physics. We know the fundamental principles of how a world of chemistry can become biology through the arising of self-replicating molecules. We know how the principle of self-replication gives rise, through Darwinian selection, to all life, including humans.

It is science and science alone that has given us this knowledge and given it, moreover, in fascinating, over-whelming, mutually confirming detail. On every one of these questions theology has held a view that has been conclusively proved wrong. Science has eradicated smallpox, can immunize against most previously deadly viruses, can kill most previously deadly bacteria. Theology has done nothing but talk of pestilence as the wages of sin. Science can predict when a particular comet will reappear and, to the second, when the next eclipse will appear. Science has put men on the moon and hurtled reconnaissance rockets around Saturn and Jupiter. Science can tell you the age of a particular fossil and that the Turin Shroud is a medieval fake. Science knows the precise DNA instructions of several viruses and will, in the lifetime of many present readers, do the same for the human genome.

What has theology ever said that is of the smallest use to anybody? When has theology ever said anything that is demonstrably true and is not obvious? I have listened to theologians, read them, debated against them. I have never heard any of them ever say anything of the smallest use, anything that was not either platitudinously obvious or downright false. If all the achievements of scientists were wiped out tomorrow, there would be no doctors but witch doctors, no transport faster than horses, no computers, no printed books, no agriculture beyond subsistence peasant farming. If all the achievements of theologians were wiped out tomorrow, would anyone notice the smallest difference? Even the bad achievements of scientists, the bombs, and sonar-guided whaling vessels work! The achievements of theologians don't do anything, don't affect anything, don't mean anything. What makes anyone think that "theology" is a subject at all?

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1. Comment #69270 by hfaber on September 10, 2007 at 8:58 am

"What makes anyone think that theology is a subject at all?"

A brilliant abstract of religion. Go Richard go!

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2. Comment #69271 by BillySands on September 10, 2007 at 9:14 am

 avatarSome interesting points. I posted it on a Christian friend's blog. That should stir things up a bit.
The typical christian respose will be some thing like "but it gives us hope".
Stem cell research gives us all hope, and it is more likely to be realised

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3. Comment #69274 by steve99 on September 10, 2007 at 9:32 am

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If all the achievements of theologians were wiped out tomorrow, would anyone notice the smallest difference?


Priceless!

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4. Comment #69275 by irate_atheist on September 10, 2007 at 9:35 am

 avatarI can only write in support of this.

Perhaps it is believers wilful ignorance in the face of centuries of scientific progress that really annoys me the most about them. Along with their desire to push their ignorance on children, the gullible and the credulous.

They substitute superstition for knowledge and delusion for rational thought.

That they are allowed to get away with it in the 21st Century, and are publicly rewarded and respected for doing so, is nothing short of scandalous.

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5. Comment #69279 by Philip1978 on September 10, 2007 at 9:41 am

 avatarTheology: the understanding of and providing reasoned discourse of religion, spirituality and God or the gods.

Stem cell therapy has the potential to radically change the treatment of human disease.

So essentially we are up against knowing more about an invisible IT that miraculously humans can never know because God is infinite etc or we have the means to cure diseases which have caused the human race untold damage...

Professor Dawkins is completely right

"The achievements of theologians don't do anything, don't affect anything, don't mean anything"

Good article, I hope your christian friends read it Billy!

Cheers, Philip

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6. Comment #69280 by Fedler on September 10, 2007 at 9:45 am

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If all the achievements of theologians were wiped out tomorrow, would anyone notice the smallest difference?
What achievements? Really, I have yet to see a religious denomination with an Office of Scientific Progress, or something to that effect, where they actively seek positive confirmation for their beliefs. Metaphorically speaking, instead of knocking down the blocks of other kids on the playground, where are the block-builders of the religious denominations? Who, within the religious, are actively seeking to positively confirm their beliefs? No one that I've seen.

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7. Comment #69282 by pewkatchoo on September 10, 2007 at 9:49 am

 avatarAbsolutely spot on A1 fucking brilliant!

A very good friend of mine's stepson is considering studying Theology at university in Germany. I think that I will send her this!

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8. Comment #69285 by Dr Benway on September 10, 2007 at 10:00 am

 avatarGuess that Shermer article didn't make a strong impression.

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9. Comment #69287 by Quine on September 10, 2007 at 10:16 am

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platitudinously obvious


Wonderful phrase.

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10. Comment #69289 by Bonzai on September 10, 2007 at 10:39 am

Theology = Institutionalized ignorance and enshrined complacency.

Not only does theology offer nothing in understanding our origin and world around us. It actually prevents such knowledge. I will go even further than Richard, theology is not just neutrally empty, it contributes negatively.

The one size fits all non answer "God made it so" is a most effective way to stop further questions. The attitude is that by giving a name to our ignorance we can all pretend that we have figured out the answer and safely go home and pray. Indeed what more can you ask once we accept that the universe, the human condition and everything are but the whims of some beings (or a being)of whom we know nothing and in principle cannot know except through "revelations" to the "prophets" (basically village idiots)? There is indeed nothing to do, no question to ask. We can only prostrate ourselves to worship the "unknowable" and accept our ignorance as a permanent condition.

Leaving aside historical persecutions and the erection of taboos against human inquiries, at the very least theology fosters intellectual laziness and a complacent mindset.This celebration of ignorance and complacency is displayed prominently on the horrendously bloated Alister-McGrath thread by the tedious and circular posts of the two God apologists.

Theology is a most effective way to kill any desire to know, it has nothing to teach except that we should tremble before the unknown.If theology has been the only game in town throughout history we would still think lightning bolts are the gods' weapon to punish the wicked.

"Science and religion need each other" is a theme expoused primarily by theologians.

Science needs religion like we need the plague. Thank Zeus that at least in the West scientists no longer need the endorsement of theologians in pursuing knowledge (unfortunately in the Muslim world it is still obligatory for well meaning people to cite the Quran to prove that the "true teaching" of Islam encourages science as if the ranting of a 7th century ignoramus should matter one way or the other, it is taken for granted that science needs the permission of theology) On the other hand, theology, having been discredited so throughly,--at least to the thinking person,-- has a lot of incentives to hang on to the coat tail of science to make itself look more respectable.

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11. Comment #69296 by steve99 on September 10, 2007 at 11:22 am

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Guess that Shermer article didn't make a strong impression.


It would have been interesting indeed if it had influenced this article, as it was published some time ago.

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12. Comment #149013 by Roy_H on March 25, 2008 at 12:03 am

Science can tell you the age of a particular fossil and that the Turin Shroud is a medieval fake.

But scientists are still baffled how to it was actually done (Turin shroud).

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13. Comment #149025 by epeeist on March 25, 2008 at 1:39 am

 avatarLet's be slightly careful here. At Easter I can normally get to a performance of one of the world's most sublime pieces of music the "St. Matthew Passion". I certainly wouldn't want to see music, art and literature dismissed as "empty", even that stemming from religion.

A question - let us suppose theology did disappear from universities, there would still be a need for some of the things it discusses. Could these be completely dispersed into social anthropology, history, sociology and psychology?

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14. Comment #149028 by phil rimmer on March 25, 2008 at 1:54 am

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Could these be completely dispersed into social anthropology, history, sociology and psychology?


Include philosophy, literature and politics and the answer is yes.

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15. Comment #149040 by Ygern on March 25, 2008 at 3:04 am

A Religious Believer puts me in mind of a feral animal that has a thorn in its paw. No matter how much you try to help to remove the thorn, the animal will snarl and growl at you, mistrusting your intentions, and unable to rise above the pain that it is in.

Humans ought to fare better, being able to reason better than animals, but I rarely find this to be the case when it comes to the God-Issue. Sometimes I just have to shrug and let them go back to licking their paws.

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16. Comment #180983 by stillseeking on May 16, 2008 at 8:39 am

Now if science could come up with a cure for arrogance, we'd all be swimming.

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17. Comment #180993 by Caudimordax on May 16, 2008 at 8:51 am

 avatarI know this thread is comparitively old, but

Fedler - maybe they're not "doing" science, but they certainly are trying to appear to be going through the motions - see article about "young earth geologists"

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/magazine/25wwln-geologists-t.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=young earth geologists&st=cse&oref=slogin

Great article - sorry I missed it when it appeared

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18. Comment #181000 by Tezcatlipoca on May 16, 2008 at 9:05 am

 avatarI don't think there's really any question how the shroud was done. Tempura paint.

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19. Comment #204330 by Ed-words on July 4, 2008 at 7:20 pm

Theology - fantasy in search of a rationale

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20. Comment #204331 by JHJEFFERY on July 4, 2008 at 7:36 pm

Epeist

I have (often) heard that argument: where would art and music be without religion. Better off, I would say. Art and especially music do not come from religion but from humans. It just so happened that during the emergence of reproducible music, the Catholic Church was in complete control of everything, including the subsidies neede by the artists. In other words, the artists were required, both by peer pressure and economic reality, to creat in the name of the master--the church.

If you want absolute proof that religion does not have a positive influence on music, listen to some modern Christian music--if you can.

Caio.

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21. Comment #204353 by Rational_G on July 4, 2008 at 9:02 pm

 avatarGreat stuff.

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