









201. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #70040 by alovrin on September 13, 2007 at 8:34 pm
Well goodness me I never
Thinking about reality is a philosophical endeavor of first order of personal importance.
202. The Fleas Are Multiplying!
Comment #69792 by alovrin on September 12, 2007 at 7:52 pm
Oh dear Fleabie
I don't know. I remember something Jesus said about casting your pearls before swine...If you really want to know what I believe - get the book.
203. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #69773 by alovrin on September 12, 2007 at 5:02 pm
Goldy DG and any one else,,,,
This from Colin McGinn.. another way of regarding brains
McGinn quotes from scifi writer Terry Bisson..
The whole article is here
http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/m/mcginn-flame.html?_r=1&oref=slogin
"They're made out of meat."
"Meat?" ...
"There's no doubt about it. We picked several from different parts of the planet, took them aboard our recon vessels, probed them all the way through. They're completely meat."
"That's impossible. What about the radio signals? The messages to the stars?"
"They use the radio waves to talk, but the signals
don't come from them. The signals come from machines."
"So who made the machines? That's who we want to contact."
"They made the machines. That's what I'm trying to tell you. Meat made the machines."
"That's ridiculous. How can meat make a machine? You're asking me to believe in sentient meat."
"I'm not asking you, I'm telling you. These creatures are the only sentient race in the sector and they're made out of meat."
"Maybe they're like the Orfolei. You know, a carbon-based intelligence that goes through a meat stage."
"Nope. They're born meat and they die meat. We studied them for several of their lifespans, which didn't take too long. Do you have any idea of the life span of meat?"
"Spare me. Okay, maybe they're only part meat. You know, like the Weddilei. A meat head with an electron plasma brain inside."
"Nope, we thought of that, since they do have meat heads like the Weddilei. But I told you, we probed them. They're meat all the way through."
"No brain?"
"Oh, there is a brain all right. It's just that the brain is made out of meat!"
"So.... what does the thinking?"
"You're not understanding, are you? The brain does the thinking. The meat."
"Thinking meat! You're asking me to believe in thinking meat!"
"Yes, thinking meat! Conscious meat! Loving meat. Dreaming meat. The meat is the whole deal! Are you getting the picture?"
204. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #69367 by alovrin on September 11, 2007 at 2:23 am
Sounds wild, but, as we have been discussing there are now very good reasons to believe that a photon's dynamic properties do not in fact objectively exist, so whatever it is that we are objectively measuring it's not the photon's dynamic properties but something else.
205. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #68602 by alovrin on September 7, 2007 at 7:47 pm
I am joking of course – and I really wonder sometimes how many (or how few) readers I am still boring with my tome-length posts. And I really don't think I will be able to keep up this level of participation here. But I find it remarkable how I keep learning.
206. 'Root of All Evil? The Uncut Interviews' Released on DVD
Comment #68338 by alovrin on September 6, 2007 at 10:22 pm
I cant remember if Philosopher Colin McGinn was interviewed by RD in Root of all Evil?
He was in Jonathan Millar's programme on Atheism.
Anyway he has a blog its interesting reading.
http://www.colinmcginnblog.com/index.php
207. The Atheist
Comment #68053 by alovrin on September 5, 2007 at 9:59 pm
I missed seeing this article, but I didnt join till 2006 thanks for bringing it back V.
Like you I am leaving I wont be missed as much as you. The next few years are going to be busy for me. Work family and securing my financial situation, thats a biggie.
Its been interesting, but I am pessimistic about a change in the Zeitgiest any time soon, despite what RD CH et al say, these things just dont go away on command. And mostly such topics as ones beliefs just dont come up for discussion in the course of everyday activity.
So my atheist activity will be limited to silently closing the door on JW door knockers as they start their speil. And binning the YOUR GOING TO HELL pamphlets that always seem to mysteriously turn up in the letter box a few days later.
Ciao
208. In God we doubt
Comment #67801 by alovrin on September 4, 2007 at 9:25 pm
Northern Bright
It comes down to basic sales skills, really - "people buy from people they like".
209. In God we doubt
Comment #67758 by alovrin on September 4, 2007 at 4:21 pm
Steve99
The existence of God is a scientific question. The majority of people aren't scientists. I don't think debate will win the argument; I think religion will diminish with improved education, including a better understanding of science.
People can tolerate a LOT of cognitive dissonance. How do they do it?
210. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #67215 by alovrin on September 2, 2007 at 5:04 pm
Only once we agree that reality is theistic does it make any sense to discuss whether Jesus of Nazareth was a human like any other or else enjoyed some special status.
211. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #61068 by alovrin on August 3, 2007 at 2:11 pm
Dianelos
Have you seen the Harris - Hedges debate?Yes and I gained a completely different impression(first person data) of that question that you. Who's right me or you? Hm
Atheism is becoming tribal.You and other theist wish!
212. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #60427 by alovrin on August 1, 2007 at 10:56 pm
It's not true that all good flows from God. All good flows from good persons, even though of course, as God is such a good and powerful person, a lot of good flows from Him/Her. On the other hand what you write above kind of sounds like a different argument, which goes like this: Goodness is defined by how God is; therefore anything else that is good is good because it's similar to how God is. Which I think is a correct argument. Look around you: Everything you experience that's beautiful or true or loving is such to the degree that it reflects or approaches God's beauty or truth or love
213. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #60088 by alovrin on August 1, 2007 at 1:02 am
Down under, although I cant say it with any authority, life outside of living things is a phantom.
Anyway I was rattling on about a spark that could escalate into a global conflagration. It looks like some politicians, with our best interests at heart, or is that their heads up their own self-interest might be in the process of building a luverly little fire.
http://www.monbiot.com/archives/2007/07/31/drumming-up-a-new-cold-war/#more-1075
214. The Out Campaign
Comment #60084 by alovrin on July 31, 2007 at 9:58 pm
Flea had a holiday dropped by to say some silly and boring things and is now jetting to Bulgaria, to pollute the minds of people who just want to get into the ECC, anywhere... anywhere... anyhow, to make some bucks. If only they knew about Flea they'll turn up in, wherever it is he lurks, and will be bitterly disappointed.
So Flea heres something for you, alas I didnt write it Robert Heinlein did, I saw it on a very good website called onegoodmove.
The most preposterous notion that H. sapiens has ever dreamed up is that the Lord God of Creation, Shaper and Ruler of all the Universes, wants the saccharine adoration of His creatures, can be swayed by their prayers, and becomes petulant if He does not receive this flattery. Yet this absurd fantasy, without a shred of evidence to bolster it, pays all the expenses of the oldest, largest, and least productive industry in all history. The second most preposterous notion is that copulation is inherently sinful. —Robert A. Heinlein
215. The Out Campaign
Comment #59858 by alovrin on July 30, 2007 at 11:46 pm
Religious people are scary no doubt, all the best to those looking for a way to declare what they think, unafraid.
I always liked the idea of using the words Heretic or Blasphemer
as a big Fuck U somehow, but thats just me.
And also in memory of those killed. I know some heretics were just followers of another god sect. But maybe if they had been allowed to live, the world would have been a different place, this recurring monomania more dilute. Probably a vain hope tho'
216. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #59634 by alovrin on July 30, 2007 at 2:38 am
"The Führer is deeply religious, but deeply anti-Christian. He regards Christianity as a symptom of decay." Albert Speer reports a similar statement: "You see, it's been our misfortune to have the wrong religion. Why didn't we have the religion of the Japanese, who regard sacrifice for the Fatherland as the highest good? The Mohammedan religion too would have been much more compatible to us than Christianity. Why did it have to be Christianity with its meekness and flabbiness?" Drawing on Higher Criticism and some branches of theologically liberal Protestantism, Hitler advocated what he termed Positive Christianity, purged of everything that he found objectionable. Hitler never directed his attacks on Jesus himself.
217. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #59584 by alovrin on July 29, 2007 at 8:09 pm
What I am saying is that the idea of religion that Dawkins, Harris, and fundamentalists all share is grossly wrong. ......................but that all anyone of us may say or write about God may be wrong.
218. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #59342 by alovrin on July 28, 2007 at 8:40 pm
Well, Dawkins and Harris approve such a policy, don't they?
219. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #59165 by alovrin on July 27, 2007 at 6:17 pm
. I think it's pretty clear that, say, President Truman's decision to drop the nuclear bomb on two Japanese cities was not caused to any significant degree by his particular religious beliefs. I am not sure that the same applies in the case of Stalin's, Mao's and Pol Pot's crimes because communism is not only expressively atheist but aggressively anti-theist. Marx famously called religion the opium of the people, so successive communist regimes had the official policy to uproot religion, a policy that Dawkins and Harris approve of as far as I understand
220. In defense of dangerous ideas
Comment #59160 by alovrin on July 27, 2007 at 5:03 pm
In this regard, it's disconcerting to see the two institutions that ought to have the greatest stake in ascertaining the truth -- academia and government -- often blinkered by morally tinged ideologies. One ideology is that humans are blank slates and that social problems can be handled only through government programs that especially redress the perfidy of European males. Its opposite number is that morality inheres in patriotism and Christian faith and that social problems may be handled only by government policies that punish the sins of individual evildoers. New ideas, nuanced ideas, hybrid ideas -- and sometimes dangerous ideas -- often have trouble getting a hearing against these group-bonding convictions.
221. Don't eat at the Outback Steakhouse on Route 3...
Comment #59157 by alovrin on July 27, 2007 at 4:19 pm
OK pewkatchoo I wont prosecute you for persecuting me. Umm.
SHUGGY I thought Richard Morgan was having a go at humour, rather badly. But is he serious? He's joking right? He cant be serious.
222. Don't eat at the Outback Steakhouse on Route 3...
Comment #59024 by alovrin on July 27, 2007 at 2:26 am
Sorree pewkatshoe
from persecuted to prosecutor..
223. Don't eat at the Outback Steakhouse on Route 3...
Comment #58999 by alovrin on July 26, 2007 at 10:49 pm
This guy has set himself up as such an easy target. He is obviously barely literate and doesnt have a clue how to construct a decent argument. The only basis he has is some kind of dim perception of a imagined threat to something he believes as if his life depends on it. Yet I dont know how to feel towards him.
He really is a perfect example of the credulous who are exploited by the religious charlatans. Yet he is a danger to himself and others. He, and others like him, could go from feeling persecuted to a persecutor in a wink of an eye. And I blame religion again, but where will this lead?
Comment #58740 by alovrin on July 26, 2007 at 2:56 am
I hope Barbara feels better after having got that diatribe out of her system.
She stuck an email address at the end, but I cant see any point in trying to engage her. Anyone else can if they want,BMG.
bkay@videotron.ca
225. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #58713 by alovrin on July 25, 2007 at 11:50 pm
Incidentally all weapons of mass destruction have been developed by scientists who were not motivated by religious beliefs. The decision by the US to drop atomic bombs on two civilian population centers in Japan was not in any way motivated by religious beliefs either. Nor was the decision by Britain and the US to systematically firebomb German and Japanese cities motivated by religious beliefs. Nor was the decision of Germany to mass slaughter Jews in the Holocaust motivated by religious beliefs. Nor was the arms race towards the acquisition of nuclear arsenals of truly obscene destructive power motivated by religious belief. (How destructive? Both the US and Russia have weapons that in 7 millionths of a second can unleash over one point of the Earth more destructive power than all the bombs and ammunition – including the two atom bombs over Japan – used during the entire Second World War over three continents.) The world came close to nuclear annihilation at least once with the Cuban missile crisis, which again had absolutely nothing to do with religious beliefs. So, religious beliefs are nowhere to be seen in all that madness, are they? Rather, to put it simply, religion has of late become the bugaboo that demagogues use to scare people into intolerance. Which is a time-tested method to switch off peoples' capacity for critical thinking; as when Bush's then national security adviser Condoleezza Rice argued before the invasion of Iraq that "we don't want the smoking gun to be a mushroom cloud". Nothing more effective than a bugaboo with nuclear weapons I suppose.
226. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #58700 by alovrin on July 25, 2007 at 9:16 pm
Consider that most of our current economic system is dedicated to the increase of happiness. In praxis this often works in detriment of the happiness of the majority or of the people in one's society or of other countries, but that's inconsequential: Imagine a just and universal society that seeks to maximize the happiness of all people alive: the same frivolous consumerism and implicit neglect of the future generations we now observe would be the norm. The generalized and idolized culture of greed that characterizes modern economies both East and West is an unstable and self-defeating state of affairs which, considering the intrinsic limits or our physical environment, cannot go on for ever but must end with some major catastrophe. It's also spiritually stultifying and ultimately dehumanizing state of affairs, not to mention is the most common reason for violent conflict on all levels (that's the root reason of violent conflict Mr Dawkins and Mr Harris – not religion). It seems to me that the only long-term solution of this problem is a cultural change away from greed and towards poverty and simplicity, something that all major religions teach is a major and fundamental virtue. And I believe only religion can help society achieve this crucial transformation, for I really don't see naturalistic ethics having the sufficient conceptual and experiential force for achieving that. So, far from being religion the major danger for the survival of humanity and civilization, I think religion is absolutely indispensable for their survival. Our task then is not to throw out the baby with the bathwater, but to throw out the bathwater and keep the baby.
227. Face to faith
Comment #58642 by alovrin on July 25, 2007 at 2:37 pm
Harris's assertions about the de facto motivations of suicide bombers is one area that comes under particular criticism by Atran for lacking empirical evidence.
nevertheless it does seem to have become something of a focal point for this 'new atheist movement' and this all-too-easy dismissal of dissenting voices strikes me as something of an oversight.Its a focal point because it is a good website, well designed, loads of stuff etc. If Harris's website was half as good it might have more traffic.
228. Face to faith
Comment #58499 by alovrin on July 25, 2007 at 3:51 am
Harris's bold claims.
229. Face to faith
Comment #58467 by alovrin on July 25, 2007 at 1:39 am
a more nuanced approach to religion on this forum
230. Susan Blackmore interviews Dan Dennett
Comment #58187 by alovrin on July 24, 2007 at 12:25 am
I love this..
"I can think of no one in the scientific world working on conciousness who would think of submitting a paper that said.
Well I introspected under the following circumstances and these are the things I found."
And...
"We have had so many cases where people are just WRONG about the results of their own introspection. Its been a hugely misleading beacon over the centuries. People cannot prevent themselves from theorising when they think they are observing and their autopsychology theories are just BAD.
231. In defense of dangerous ideas
Comment #58181 by alovrin on July 23, 2007 at 11:49 pm
I get his point about not being afraid to ask difficult questions.
But about 60% of these questions are just plain silly, and often badly worded.
My blood pressure doesnt go up, but my eyes roll in a derisive manner.
232. PZ Myers on Blogging Heads
Comment #57943 by alovrin on July 22, 2007 at 2:27 pm
It is always surprising to see people, who are very clear and incisive in print, such as RD,DD,SH and PZ, they are such softies. It's neat.
The I/Ver tends to the verbose, maybe he should have prepared his questions beforehand. But well done for getting this together.
233. Face to faith
Comment #57867 by alovrin on July 21, 2007 at 6:04 pm
Might I refer Bonzai and dvespertilio to the William Lobdell article. http://richarddawkins.net/article,1442,Religion-beat-became-a-test-of-faith,William-Lobdell-LA-Times
234. Face to faith
Comment #57735 by alovrin on July 20, 2007 at 8:35 pm
Christ's what's he whining about, I spent 20 yrs and $327.71 getting a degree in Fairyology. Then that bloody Richard Dawkins comes along and lumps fairies in with that meglomaniac bastard god, and my career is kaput.
Luckily I found this online degree in free energy technology and they are offering a discount, so Im going to be a scientist. Wo hey.
235. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #57723 by alovrin on July 20, 2007 at 7:15 pm
Apologies to Douglas Adams and fans in advance for this story.
Once upon a time a little boy called Dianelos woke up with an interesting theory in his head and the name fell instantly to his lips.
"I will call it Idealistic Theism" he bravely announced to no one in particular, and I will go out into the world to test it.
'This is an interesting theory I find myself in Dianelos mused as he roved looking for somewhere to test his theory - an interesting theory indeed -it fits me rather neatly, doesn't it? In fact it fits me staggeringly well, must have been made to have me in it!'
This is such a powerful idea it held Dianelos in its sway completely enthralled, beguiled, hypnotised etc etc...
By and by he came across Richarddawkins.netland where one of his heroes was being torn to shreds in a small corner of Richarddawkins.netland by the motley crew assembled there.
Dianelos strode into the fracas, but his motley adversaries were more than a match for him and as the dialogue progressed he lost many metaphorical limbs. In fact more limbs than he actually possessed, as his arguments were countered time and time and time again. He ducked and dodged, weaved and pirouetted, the air became heated and gradually, the idealistic theism that so suited him grew smaller and smaller.
He still frantically hung on to the notion that everything's going to be alright, because this idealistic theism was meant to have him in it, was built to have him in it; so the moment he is disembodied catches him rather by surprise.
And still he struggles on.
"Come back you cowards, I've still got my lips and a keyboard just like Steven Hawking. I can still be incredible verbose, I mean articulate, my idealistic theism is a fine theory, prove it isnt!"
What is left of the crowd tiredly says "They have already" and wanders off.
The End.
236. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #57578 by alovrin on July 20, 2007 at 1:33 am
Because we are built in the image of God, and God is what's objectively good in reality.
237. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #57346 by alovrin on July 19, 2007 at 2:01 am
Indeed I am a great believer in the power of the example.
238. Why I Believe Anti-Evangelism Is Wrong
Comment #57337 by alovrin on July 19, 2007 at 1:14 am
Poor Tyrone just cant shut up. Next it will be the anti anti evangelising.
Me, Im glad to see spokepeople for unbelief in the public forum who dont need to fear being burned at the stake for expressing their opinion.
I wonder if this was a page filler for some mag or website. But its just another poorly considered opinion piece.
Maybe Tyrone will get over himself eventually
239. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #56945 by alovrin on July 17, 2007 at 11:56 pm
Which reminds me of the tale of the tailless fox who wished all foxes were tailless
240. Interview with Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Comment #56932 by alovrin on July 17, 2007 at 9:55 pm
I like that she says, criticism of policy influenced by religious belief, (in reference to Islam) is fair.
And it shows just how happy she is to be living in the US.
241. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #56901 by alovrin on July 17, 2007 at 6:35 pm
Yes, well done the good beverage loving Doctor.
A contribution to the ongoing reading/listening list perhaps?
http://www.pointofinquiry.org/?p=115
242. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #56746 by alovrin on July 17, 2007 at 5:13 am
Dianelos
On the other hand to inflate the problem of terrorism way beyond any reasonable proportion and then try to sell religion as the root evil that causes terrorism is certifiably stupid.
As they say you become like those you hate.
it only shows how many paths towards Him/Her God opens for us, how really open God's arms are for us all.
243. Kenya: The Death of Religion And Rise of Atheism in the West
Comment #56712 by alovrin on July 17, 2007 at 2:38 am
Reading this makes me realise why religious organisations are charging into Africa. Fresh meat as the saying goes.
244. The fundamentalist delusion
Comment #56280 by alovrin on July 14, 2007 at 6:10 pm
HERE'S Richard Dawkins, sword flailing, mowing down his foes — all of them, Christian, Muslim, Jew, male or female, old or young. He cannot sheath his sword until the world is cleansed of religion
and Melbourne philosopher of psychology Tamas Pataki
One might easily picture Dawkins as a puritanical preacher, prowling and peering into living rooms to make sure no one is up to sin, such as teaching religious faith to their children
militant fundamentalist atheists
Tamaki writes as a scholar, with careful and qualified argumen
245. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #55918 by alovrin on July 12, 2007 at 9:40 pm
AH YES IT IS FINALLY OVER, WHEN DIANELOS CAME IN TO OUR LIFES WITH THIS NIFTY LITTLE POST.
89. Comment #47030 by Dianelos Georgoudis on June 2, 2007 at 8:48 pm
Miri (68):
You write: "the evidence that atheism (or naturalism) has in its favor is religion's failure to prove the supernatural realm."
First of all "prove" is a loaded word, because strictly speaking proofs in the sense of demonstrations that offer complete certainty do not exist. In that absolute sense, for example, we don't have any "proof" that Abraham Lincoln has existed, or that electrons exist, or that the Pythagoras theorem is correct. So what religion should produce is not so much such a "proof" but rather a sufficiently good reason for somebody to believe in the existence of the supernatural realm.
And here is an indisputable fact: Contrary to what popular atheism dogmatically believes there are several good arguments for the existence of God, and knowledgeable atheist philosophers have to struggle long and hard to try to counter them. Examples of such arguments are the argument from morality and the argument from consciousness. Even the traditional argument from design (or teleological argument) that appeared to have been buried by Darwinism has found new life recently in the form of the argument from the fine-tuning of the universe. But there are also good arguments that justify the atheist worldview including the argument from evil and the argument from non-belief. So the question of how reasonable it is to believe either in the existence or the non-existence of God is far from settled. There is a good book I can recommend you read in this context: "God? A Debate between a Christian and an Atheist" by William Lane Craig and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong.
Having said that the fact remains that most theists do not justify their belief in the existence of God based on such intellectual arguments but on what is commonly called "faith". Now "faith" is a difficult word because it is used with many different meanings. In fact the original meaning of that word as used in the gospels is "trust in God". When atheists speak of "faith" they often mean "irrational belief". I think that when theists use "faith" as their justification of their belief in God they normally mean one of three things:
1) Their trust in revelation, in which supposedly God directly reveals spiritual truth to some chosen few, and they in turn teach or write it down to inform the rest of us. I personally find it very dubious that God would work in such roundabout ways and tend to agree with atheists that much of scripture is primitive and plagued by inconsistencies, superstition, mythology, and even plain evil. On the other hand it is a fact that the written word (or in general other peoples' testimonies) can be a very powerful motivator and can change peoples' lives. And I also find that that some religious texts display sublime beauty, in fact unrivaled beauty.
2) The direct experience of God. It is a fact that many people have such religious experiences so the remaining question is what one can reasonably deduce from such experiences. Atheists of course argue that such experiences are produced by some accident in our evolutionary history which causes our brain to create them (see for example "The God gene: How faith is hardwired into our genes" by Dean Hamer, or "Breaking the spell: Religion as a natural phenomenon" by Daniel Dennett). But another obvious way to interpret such experiences is that the experience of God evidences the existence of God, and if our brains are hardwired for such experiences the more the better as God is the creator of the physical world and has hardwired our brains for us to experience Him/Her.
3) That without the existence of God their own condition as human beings (i.e. how it is to be a human being) makes no sense, and that the absence of objective evidence for the existence of God changes nothing in that fact. In this sense of "faith" all normal people (theist and atheist alike – the only possible exception would be solipsists) believe many things on "faith". For example we all believe on faith in the existence of other minds even though there is no objective evidence for that. Similarly we all believe on faith that the physical universe did not come into existence 10 minutes ago, and so on.
Finally I would like to turn the table on you, and argue thus: The evidence that theism has in its favor is that atheism (or naturalism) is unable to deal in a satisfactory manner with fundamental questions such as the existence of consciousness or ethical truth. It even fails to account for such basic concepts as "meaning" or "value". It even fails to offer any objective means to decide how physical reality actually is (is there one universe or a huge number of them, is the universe deterministic or not, etc). Naturalism is much shaker than naively believed by many. Alvin Plantinga (one of the most important philosophers of religion alive today) has even written a paper that shows that naturalism is incompatible with Darwinism. This is a highly technical not to mention highly contested paper, but you can get an inkling of the idea in Plantinga's review of Dawkins's "The God delusion" here: http://www.christianitytoday.com/bc/2007/002/1.21.html
Part of the confusion about the strength or weakness of naturalism stems I think from the fact that "naturalism" can be understood as a methodology but also as an ontology. Methodological naturalism is the basic assumption of science, namely that all physical phenomena can be fully explained by natural causes, and indeed history has shown that methodological naturalism is extraordinarily successful. Ontological naturalism on the other hand is a claim about how reality actually is, and here naturalism fails very badly.
333. Comment #48459 by Dianelos Georgoudis on June 8, 2007 at 3:02 am
My theistic worldview.
Several posters here have asked me to present and justify my own theistic worldview. I think that's entirely fair. Of course to present my worldview in detail would result in a book-length post, so in what follows I try to present it a way that is as short as possible but sufficiently detailed to present its overall structure and to allow people to evaluate and criticize it. Of course I will be glad to elaborate on any part the reader wishes. This is not going to be easy so bear with me.
Before starting I would like to say that one's worldview is basically how one makes sense of one's overall experience. Even pre-linguistic children device a worldview and make sense of their (at first confusing) perceptual environment by interpreting it as the presence of a stable three-dimensional world in which they can (up to a point) freely move around and manipulate using their bodies. So, for example, even very small children quickly learn that walls are hard and that it doesn't pay to try to walk through them.
Here I will argue that a theistic worldview is better than a non-theistic one. This immediately brings up the question of how worldviews are to be compared. I would say that a worldview is better if it gives one more intellectual satisfaction by being more coherent, elegant, economical, free of problems, and so on. But of course the most important criterion is how useful in a practical or empirical sense a worldview turns out to be. For example one who ignores that walls are hard is apt to have many painful experiences of bumping into them. Now virtually everybody believes that walls are hard, but consider another belief that is extremely popular even though it's false: astrology. Having this false belief in one's worldview is apt to negatively influence one's quality of life because one will act on false information. Indeed what worldview one chooses is a fairly important matter not only for one's personal well-being, but also for society's. So this is clearly an important issue, and I would agree in principle with Dawkins that to help others choose a better worldview is a commendable enterprise (within ethical limits – see Ibsen's play "The wild duck").
Now there are as many worldviews as there are people, but we can classify them into groups of similar kind. Even so we are left with a confusing number of kinds of worldviews (just consider how many Christian denominations there are, or how many interpretations of quantum mechanics). Still one can divide all possible worldviews into two major groups: the materialistic/naturalistic worldviews, and the religious/spiritual/supernatural worldviews (which in what follows I will call for short "naturalistic" and "religious" respectively). The difference between the two is clear: A basic issue is what the fundamental constituent (aka substance) of reality is, which explains everything else. According to the naturalistic worldviews what fundamentally exists is a complex configuration of matter following specific natural laws, in short what we call the physical world. According to the religious worldviews what fundamentally exists is a spiritual/supernatural world having its own structure and following its own kind of laws; the physical world forms only a part of reality, indeed a part that is contingent and caused by the larger spiritual/supernatural reality. (In turn religious worldviews can be divided in polytheistic, monotheistic, and atheistic groups).
Now when comparing these two basic types of worldviews I find that the naturalistic worldviews entail three fundamental types of problems which decrease its reasonableness:
1. I judge that naturalistic worldviews are incompatible with consciousness (including the related issue of free will), in other words that naturalistic worldviews cannot explain the existence of consciousness. I am not prepared to entertain the possibility that consciousness does not exist (actually I couldn't believe that it doesn't exist if I tried; consciousness is the one thing whose reality is beyond question). Some naturalistic thinkers believe that in the future this problem will somehow be solved, but I judge that this is a fundamentally impossible problem for naturalism. (Incidentally consciousness is not just some "gap", but represents the single most important fact there is. Indeed, strictly speaking, we live in an environment of conscious experience and not in a physical environment; the existence of the physical world is something we deduce from our experiential environment.) So, here I have one reason that speaks against the entire class of naturalistic worldviews.
2. Similarly I judge that naturalistic worldviews are incompatible with the existence of at least some objectively true ethical precepts (there is ongoing discussion about this matter in this thread). In other words I am not prepared to entertain the idea that ethical precepts, such as "you should not torture a child", are true only because of personal opinion or convention. So, here I have a second reason that speaks against the entire class of naturalistic worldviews.
3. The third problem is extrinsic and refers to my study of the actual materialistic/naturalistic worldviews. If this class of worldviews were the one closest to reality one would expect to find general agreement or at least some general tendency towards agreement about how reality actually is. What I on the contrary observe is that, compared to the disagreements that also exist between religious worldviews, the disagreements on the naturalistic side are a) deeper, b) tend to grow both in number and in kind, and c) tend to produce increasingly fantastic (credulity straining) descriptions of reality.
In comparison I do not detect similar problems with the religious kind of worldviews. The reason is that religious worldviews assert that fundamental reality is spiritual so do not have to explain the reality of consciousness, in the same way that the naturalistic worldviews that assert that fundamental reality is material do not have to explain the reality of matter. (Theistic worldviews are especially elegant in this respect, see bellow). Also spiritual reality is hypothesized as being objectively good thus accounting for the existence of objectively true ethical precepts (they are objectively true because they reflect that objective goodness of reality). Finally, even though many naturalists rightly find problematic the differences and disagreements that exist between religious worldviews, I judge that the differences and disagreements in their camp are much worse.
The case of science. Many naturalists point out the overwhelming success of science as evidence for the superiority of their worldview. But apart from the most primitive religious worldviews (read: the cases of fundamentalism or "literal scripturism" if you like), all other religious worldviews seamlessly and naturally absorb scientific knowledge by hypothesizing that the physical world that science studies is caused and sustained by the larger spiritual reality. This incidentally makes it impossible for any piece of scientific knowledge to contradict or be used as evidence against any of the non-fundamentalist religious worldviews. So a person who adopts any of the non-fundamentalist religious worldview loses nothing of the usefulness and relevance of the scientific and technological project.
Another common argument that naturalists use is that they don't see any reason to assume a religious worldview in the first place. But I see such a reason, namely that in comparison the alternative materialistic worldviews are problematic in the three senses described above and therefore inferior.
So in conclusion, as I find that all the naturalistic worldviews entail serious problems and all (except the most naive) religious worldviews don't, I judge that by default the former worldviews work better than the latter.
The second stand I would like to make refers to my choice of monotheism over all the other religious worldviews. One basic reason is this: As I noted above I judge that all naturalistic worldviews are incompatible with consciousness because they cannot explain how matter brings forth consciousness. Well, similarly, one could ask how spirit brings forth matter, and claim that the religious worldviews suffer from a similar problem. The answer is straightforward: The religious worldviews need not account for matter itself but only for our conscious experience of physical phenomena, so there it is not an issue of spirit causing something of an entirely different kind (namely matter), but of spirit causing consciousness which is not problematic. But observe that the above solution works best if we identify the fundamental constituent (or substance) of reality with consciousness, i.e. equate the concept of spirit with the concept of consciousness (indeed observe that these two concepts can be used interchangeably in virtually all contexts). Conversely if we don't identify the fundamental constituent (or substance) of reality with consciousness, religious worldviews suffer at least to some degree from the equivalent #1 problem of the naturalist worldviews. So, to resume, the supernatural (beyond the natural world) part of reality must a) have consciousness as its fundamental constituent, b) be objectively good, and c) must contain structure and order, because after all it causes our experience of the very intricately structured and ordered physical phenomena we observe. Economy (or Occam's razor) requires that I make the simplest hypothesis in order to account for all three properties, and the simplest hypothesis I can find is the presence of one single and objectively good, intelligent, and powerful conscious being: a divine person on whom all bucks stop, a person whom, in order to be consistent with the three great monotheistic religions, I call "God". In short, the best hypothesis I can device for avoiding the problems that plague the naturalistic worldviews in a clean and economical manner is to hypothesize that there exists a supernatural realm which consists of a personal being of objective goodness, and great intelligence and power - sufficient to cause and sustain our experience of life.
Now up to here I have argued in favor of monotheistic worldviews in a negative manner, i.e. by excluding alternative worldviews I judge inferior. But it turns out that by adopting a monotheistic worldview I have experienced in my own life several concrete gains that represent additional and positive reasons that justify it: First, I experienced the whole of my experiential environment as increasingly more beautiful, a state of affairs which I consider extremely valuable. Second, and this too is a very precious thing, I experienced that the monotheistic worldview is morally empowering and thus helps me live closer to how I aspire to live, namely as a good person. Thirdly, and this will come as a surprise, that worldview helps me understand the presence of evil and pain in my experiential environment – evidence that is traditionally used against theism. Here is how:
As we saw my worldview is based in the reality of God, a person who instantiates all that is objectively good as well as all the structure (or intelligence if you will) of the supernatural reality that causes and sustains our experiential environment. Our current experiential environment though clearly includes many evil things. How can that be? Well what helps answer this question is that we, the same as God, are persons, i.e. conscious beings. So we are able in some fundamental (albeit limited) sense to put ourselves in God's shoes as it were, and to ponder the question "What would I do if I were God?" If the answer to that question would ultimately lead to the creation of people experiencing the kind of imperfect and partially evil environment we do – then the God hypothesis would indeed explain why our environment is imperfect. So what would I do if I were God? Well I would create other persons to share in the objective goodness that I instantiate. And here is a key point (a point I see clearly myself but have had trouble explaining in the past): The personal goodness (in short "virtue") that God instantiates is not something that can be given directly to others. Why not? Because personal goodness is valuable in that it reflects personal merit. Thus value resides primarily in the way a person attains a particular state and not only in that state. For example we all agree that somebody who climbs to the summit of Everest has more personal merit and increased personal value than somebody who is flown to the same summit by helicopter. So the greatest good that God could give to other sentient beings is to create for them the most efficient experiential environment possible in which they can attain virtue on personal merit. And the experiential environment I live in (the physical world I experience but also the qualitative/internal/subjective parts of my experience, e.g. how it is to love, how it is to fail, how it is to fear, how it is to hurt, how it is to trust, how it is to perceive beauty, how it is to understand, how it is to self-transcend, and so on – in short how it is to be a human being), the whole of it appears to me to be perfectly proportioned for attaining virtue. Or at least I see nothing in my experience of life as a human being that would make me suspect that it is not perfectly proportioned for attaining virtue. In short, the God hypothesis explains to my satisfaction the whole of my conscious experience, including the nasty bits.
Now I am not just a theist but a Christian, and this would correspond to my third stand. But this is a stand I don't wish to make here, for various reasons: First it is irrelevant in the context of the atheist/theist debate and the justification of my belief in God. Second I don't consider Christianity to be objectively superior to other religious worldviews, just to be superior for me for various reasons and especially because of my upbringing. Third my understanding of Christianity differs from traditional dogma in several points, including the dogma of humankind's fall, the dogma of divine judgment and hell, the dogma of salvation by faith alone, and the dogma of God's immutability; so obviously I can only meaningfully discuss my Christian worldview with other Christians versed in these obscure concepts ;-)
246. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #55673 by alovrin on July 12, 2007 at 12:43 am
Another DT doozie, apropo of nothing
I am pretty confident of my objective result that idealistic theism is much less complex than even the simplest naturalistic worldview.
247. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #55565 by alovrin on July 11, 2007 at 2:33 pm
USA Limey
Dont be sillwah dear follower of the Lime. Of course I dont believe.
But if I ever come across one of the little buggers, I may have to resort to the Dianelos method and talk the pesky fuckers into submitting to my will.
MWAHAHAHAHA
As an aside Heres a Dianelos doozey
they will leave naturalism in drovesFunny that its been working the other way round for centuries.
248. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #55387 by alovrin on July 11, 2007 at 12:35 am
Holy crap go fairy hunting for a couple of days and look what happens.
The criticism is not that naturalists do not work, the criticism is that naturalism does not work.
249. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #55096 by alovrin on July 10, 2007 at 2:30 am
can you describe how those who don't believe in God rationally explain how our brain produces consciousness? Because if they can't explain this greatest fact of all – if they don't have the very slightest inkling of an idea of how to explain it - then by your own measure they are like believing in an invisible process that somehow makes consciousness magically spring out of our brain.
250. Richard Dawkins and Alister McGrath
Comment #54828 by alovrin on July 9, 2007 at 4:10 am
I would have so-called "creation science" taught in school along with the fact that according to virtually the entire scientific community it lacks any scientific grounds and along the fact that is has been pushed on the political arena as a means to further religious fundamentalism (one page of a textbook and one hour of a teacher's time would be quite sufficient for all that). Much more importantly, I would like children to learn about both religious and political ideas (including political nationalism), how these have been used for doing good and for doing evil, how these explain much of history and much of today's society and today's conflicts. I would like children to learn about ethics, and indeed about the ethics of science. I would like children to be exposed to different ontological worldviews about reality, including naturalism and theism, to be given the oportunity to study the best arguments for or against them, and to actually think about these issues for themselves. I'd rather have those dogmatic people who judge those who disagree with them as irrational or of being the root of all evil or of being deceived by the devil