Activity

List of titles, authors to all the links embedded within
Pageant of Evolution, part two:

¶ 1 …
the first half = Pageant of Earth’s Evolution (in 24hr) part one
pageant of Evolution = video_The Emergence of Life on Earth, Robert Hazen, March 15, 2012
first = Paper_Unearthing the First Cellular Innovations, Nick Lane
enduring Life = video, How Energy Flow Shapes The Evolution of Life, Nick Lane, Feb 14, 2018
about 4 hours = video_The Origin of Cellular Life on Earth, Jack Szostak, 2012
claw together = How life evolved: 10 steps to the first cells
existence = Earliest evidence of life on Earth ‘found’ ……By Pallab Ghosh, BBC News,1 March 2017
simple = Archaea, Wiki article
protective sacks = The first cell membranes, Deamer, et al, 2002
harsh environment. = Paper_Early Earth Had a Hazy, Methane-filled Atmosphere

¶ 2 …
Evolution progressed = video_Inevitable Life?, Eric Smith, Professor, Santa Fe Institute, April 18, 2007
very slowly – Why Did Earth Have a Poison-Filled “Boring Billion” Years?, Rebecca Kessler, Feb 25, 2011
hostile environment = video_How Oxygen Can Alter Evolution and Adaptation of Life in the Ocean, Erik Sperling
limited means, = Iron toxicity for cyanobacteria delayed oxygen accumulation in early Earth’s atmosphere, Swanner et al. 2015
stifled further development. = Earth’s ‘boring billion’ years of stagnant, stinking oceans might actually have been rather dynamic,  by Simon Poulton
key early scientific breakthrough = Philosophy of Cell Biology, 2019
perspective, = Story of Dr. Peter Mitchell, biochemistry, chemiosmotic theory, bioenergetics.
environment = Chapter 5: THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT, project2061_org, American Association for the Advancement of Science

¶ 3 …
geology and biology = The co-evolution of Life and Earth, Dietrich et al. 2017
combining forces =Geology Intersects Biology, Laura Levis
process and tame = paper_The timetable of evolution, May 17, 2017
to the point that = Integrated records of environmental change and evolution challenge the Cambrian Explosion
descendants =  =  Archaea: Morphology, ucmp.berkeley_edu
had the means = video_How Energy Flow Shapes The Evolution of Life – Professor Nick Lane
Developing environments = Poster_Earth Evolution, intersection of Geology and Biology,, May 19, 2017
changing conditions = Life: Evolution and Extinction, WGBH
ocean = Oceans Through Time, ocean.si_edu
atmosphere = The earth’s original atmosphere, atmo.arizona.edu/students
spectacular innovations and expansion = Animal Dawn – Dr. Diego Garcia-Bellido, 2016

¶ 4 …
geology taught biology = Geobiology – Life Emergent, Helen Hill, 2014
building blocks = The evolution of geobiology in the context of living stromatolites, Spear, Corsetti, 2013
forcing it to adapt = Tempo And Mode In Evolution: Genetics And Paleontology 50 Years After Simpson.
changing conditions = Evolution Of The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure And Energy, globalchange.umich.edu
repurposed  = How skates and rays got their wings, University of Chicago Medical Center, 2015
genetic heritage = The Concept of Co-option: Why Evolution Often Looks Miraculous,  McLennan, 2008
body parts = paper_Developmental-Genetic Toolkit for Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Schneider, Amemiya, Dec 2016
modifications made = The Continuing Evolution of Genes, Zimmer, 2014
learned to thrive = What is biodiversity?, Lenne, 2019
brave new environments = Reciprocality between biology and geology: Reconstructing polar Gondwana, Michaux, 2009

¶5
increasing interaction = ‘Evo-devo’ biology tackles evolutionary history’s unanswered questions, Indiana University, 2014
stuff of competition = paper_Rethinking Early Evolution: Earth’s Earliest Animal Ecosystem Was Complex And Included Sexual Reproduction, University of California – Riverside, 2008
working together = The Evolution of Evo-Devo Biology, Goodman, Coughlin, 2000
ecology = video_The Ediacaran Period: Glimpses of the Earth’s Earliest Animals, Calla Carbone, 2016
outlines of today’s world = video_The origins of Ecdysozoan body plans, Martin Smith, 2017

¶6
variations on those themes = Fossils of the Cambrian Period, fossilmuseum.net
plate tectonics = video_Ancient Landscapes of the Colorado Plateau, Wayne Ranney, 2015
climate = Earth’s Earliest Climate, Angela M. Hessler, 2011
celestial = Bombardment of the early Solar System, Nature Geoscience, July 2013
influences = Milankovitch Cycles, OpenSourceSystems.foundation.us

¶7
Paleozoic Era = video_The Hidden Secrets of the Ordovician Age, Richard Smith, Oct 21, 2014
old life = Paleozoic Era, /palaeos.com/paleozoic/index_html
Ordovician Period = Ordovician Period, earth.usc_edu
Jostling = video_1.5 billion years of Plate Tectonics, C.R. Scotese, Oct 1, 2017
first plants = video_How plants crawled out of the sea, Oct 5, 2015
on land = The first conquerors of land, Vasika Udurawane, EarthArchives.org
converged around the South Pole = 50 years ago, an Antarctic fossil pointed to Gondwanaland’s existence, Maria Temming, 2019
killer ice age = paper_The Magnitude and Duration of Late Ordovician–Early Silurian Glaciation, February 11, 2011

¶8
Silurian Period = The Silurian – 443 to 417 Million Years Ago, Paleoportal.org
diversifying species = paper_Diversity Dynamics of Silurian–Early Carboniferous Land Plants in South China, September 20, 2013

¶9
Devonian Period = Devonian Period, Ohio History Central
18 minutes = The First Forests, DevonianTimes.org
continents aligning = paper_On the sensitivity of the Devonian climate to continental configuration, vegetation cover and insolation, Brugger et al., 2018
Pangea = Facts About Pangaea the Most Recent Supercontinent
seeds = Seed Evolution Webpage, seedbiology_de

¶10
Pangea = Coal formation linked to assembly of supercontinent Pangea, Nelsen et al., 2016
tectonics = 1.5 billion years of Plate Tectonics, C.R. Scotese, Oct 1, 2017
poisoned the ocean = What caused Earth’s biggest mass extinction?, Hannah Hickey, Dec 6, 2018
refugees = Why Did Life Move to Land? For the View, Jennifer Ouellette, March 7, 2017
explore  = Evolution and Function of Freshwater Ecosystems, Pokorný P.
systems = Book_Freshwater Fishes: 250 Million Years of Evolutionary History
land habitats = Evolution: Out Of The Sea, Christie Wilcox, July 28, 2012

¶11
Carboniferous Period = Plants Cover The Earth, fossils-facts-and-finds.com
a big deal = paper_Formation of most of our coal brought Earth close to global glaciation, Georg Feulner, 2017
35% oxygen = The Age of Oxygen (400 MYA to 290 MYA), Smithsonian Institution
land soaked it in = Coal formation linked to assembly of supercontinent Pangea, Ker Than, Jan 20, 2016
insects = Video_ The Age of Giant Insects, PBS Eons, Sep 18, 2017
giants = Why Giant Bugs Once Roamed the Earth, By Ker Than, August 9, 2011
plants = Early Plant Life, LumenLearning.com
forests = The First Forests, Sedeer el-Showk, July 08, 2013
egg = Eggs and Their Evolution, stanford.edu

¶12
biota = A hidden cradle of plant evolution in Permian tropical lowlands, Blomenkemper, 2018
for 15 minutes = Permian to Triassic, British Geologic Survey,

¶13
like none other = End-Permian extinction, which wiped out most of Earth’s species, was instantaneous in geological time, by Jennifer Chu, Sept. 19, 2018
melted into sills = paper_Initial pulse of Siberian Traps sills as the trigger of the end-Permian mass extinction, Burgess et al., 2017

¶14
Siberian Traps = Earth’s worst extinction “inescapably” tied to Siberian Traps, CO2, and climate change, Howard Lee, October 14, 2015
So ended = Siberian Traps likely culprit for end-Permian extinction, Jennifer Chu, Sept 16, 2015

¶15
Mesozoic = The Mesozoic Era, palaeos.com
middle life = The Mesozoic Era IV: Flowers and Mammals, University of Maryland, Tholtz, 2011
begins = The Triassic Period: the rise of the dinosaurs, Josh Davis, August 27, 2019
Triassic Period = Reptiles Inherit The Earth, fossils-facts-and-finds.com
didn’t miss a beat = Life in the Aftermath of Mass Extinctions, Pincelli Hull, Oct. 5, 2015
noteworthy = Closing Romer’s Gap: The story so far, National Museums Scotland
adaptations = The origin of tetrapods, Evolution.Berkeley_edu
tetrapods = The Basic Groups of Tetrapods Evolved – Lecture 9, EESC.columbia.edu,
four feet = Tetrapod Triumph! Solving Mystery Of First Land Vertebrates, By Gemma Tarlach, Dec 5, 2016
who = Paleobiology of the Mesozoic Era, FossilMuseum.net
differentiated = Wings, Legs, and Fins: How Do New Organs Arise in Evolution?, Neil Shubin, 2009
amphibians = The evolution of Amphibians: The Conquest of Land, David López Bosch, July 2015
reptiles = The genesis of reptiles and the amniotic egg, ReptileEvolution.com
dinosaurs = How Did Dinosaurs Evolve?, Bob Strauss, April 18, 2018
mammal-like reptiles = The Stem-Mammals–a Brief Primer, Darren Naish, Sept 20, 2016
bird = Earliest Beginnings Of Bird Evolution Brought Into Focus With New DNA Analysis, AllAboutBirds_com Oct 5, 2015
lineages = Origin and Evolution of Birds, UntamedScience_com
Plants = The evolution of plants part 4: A tale of flowers and seeds, Vasika Udurawane
new heights = video_How did plants become forests during the Carboniferous?, Benjamin Burger, Nov 7, 2015
scaled down = Reign of the giant insects ended with the evolution of birds, Tim Stephens, June 04, 2012
did = paper_A bottom-up perspective on ecosystem change in Mesozoic oceans, Knoll, Follows, 2016
ocean Life = Greenhouse World and The Mesozoic Oceans, Takashima et al., 2006

¶16
Pangea = Breakup of supercontinent Pangea cooled mantle and thinned crust, University of Texas at Austin, Dec 2016
now breaking up  = paper_Quantifying the effects of the break up of Pangaea on global terrestrial diversification with neutral theory, Jordan 2016
decimating = Life between extinctions: cracking open the Cretaceous period, Katie Kline, Mar 25, 2010
Triassic Period = 3.4.3. Triassic-Jurassic Boundary, ldeo.columbia_edu
biota = Triassic Period, GeologyPage_com, April 7, 2014
reptiles = Ancestral Reptiles of the Carboniferous and Permian Periods, ThoughtCo.com
Survivors included dinosaurs = Decade of fossil collecting gives new perspective on Triassic period, emergence of dinosaurs, University of Washington, March 28, 2018
Jurassic Period = Jurassic Period, ScienceViews_com
critters = The Evolution of the First Mammals, Bob Strauss, June 24, 2019
Cretaceous Period= What can the Cretaceous tell us about our climate?, Philip Pika, August 20, 2018
Mammal-like = Synapsid, Wikipedia
diversifying = Two studies, two answers: When exactly did mammals emerge?, Brad Balukjian, Aug 7, 2013
Flowers = Evolving Ideas on the Origin and Evolution of Flowers: New Perspectives in the Genomic Era, Andre S. Chanderbali, et al., 2016
fruit = 26.1C: Evolution of Angiosperms, LibreTexts, Nov, 19,2019
reptiles = The First Reptiles, ThoughtCo_com
amphibians = Cretaceous Amphibians, Western Australian Museum, 2014

¶17
a well aimed = Fossil Site Reveals Day That Meteor Hit Earth and, Maybe, Wiped Out Dinosaurs, Broad and, Chang, March 29, 2019
space rock crashed into = The Impact That Wiped Out the Dinosaurs, Hartmann, Planetary Science Institute
Mesozoic Era = The Mesozoic era, AustralianMuseum.net

¶18
eventually recovered = How long did it take for life to rebound after the death of the dinosaurs?, Sarah Kaplan, Nov. 7, 2016
survivors = Placental Mammals Originated On Earth 65 Million Years Ago, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, June 21, 2007
Cenozoic = Cenozoic Era, University of Kansas
new life = The Cenozoic, Palaeos.com

¶19
genetic toolkit = paper_Developmental-Genetic Toolkit for Evolutionary Developmental Biology,  Schneider, Amemiya, Dec 2016
adaptations and diversification = Misconceptions about evolution, berkley.edu
modern = Rising fast: the first trees, EarthHistory_org_uk
forests = Tracing the evolution of forest trees, Marlene Cimons, Nov 2014
grasslands = How did grasses alter Earth’s ecosystem?, Caroline Strőmberg, June 8, 2015
mammals = Flowering plants, new teeth and no dinosaurs: New study sheds light on the rise of mammals, University of Washington, May 1, 2019
how to exploit = The idiosyncratic mammalian diversification after extinction of the dinosaurs, Peter Moon, Dec 21, 2018

¶20
primates = The First Primates, Palomar.edu
first hominids = Infographic_Human Evolution: A Timeline of Early Hominids,  EarthHow_com, Sept 2, 2018
modern humans – Homo sapiens – modern humans, Fran Dorey, 11/12/18
appeared = World History Timelines – Mapping Two Million Years of Humanity, K. Kris Hirst, August 31, 2019
6 seconds = Human History Timeline, human history timeline_com

¶21
past milliseconds = book_The Timetables of History: A Horizontal Linkage of People and Events, Based on Werner Stein’s Kulturfahrplan, Bernard Grun
learned = The Evolution of Philosophy, Christopher J. Wills, Sept 2012
reflect = Abbreviated and simplified history of Western Philosophy, PhilosophyBasics.com
masters of science = Timeline of scientific discoveries, From Wikipedia
manipulating the physical world = How Are We Changing the Physical Environment of Earth’s Surface?, NAP.edu

¶22
We know much = The Birth of Modern Science, TheGreatCoursesDaily.com
but understand next to nothing = The missing key to Stephen Gould’s Nonoverlapping Magisteria, citizenschallenge_blogspot_com
demonstrated by = “Overdevelopment, Overpopulation, Overshoot” PopulationSpeakOut_org
(*) = DeepEcology_org
wanton destruction = Powerful new map depicts environmental degradation across Earth, by Michael Miller, Nov 19, 2018

¶23
Humanity’s gluttonous = The Evolution of Human Gluttony, Nathan Lents, Sept 20, 2014
self-serving = paper_Human Domination of Earth’s Ecosystems, Vitouse et al. 1997,
inflicting reckless damages = Rate of environmental degradation puts life on Earth at risk, say scientists, Oliver Milman, Jan 15, 2015
like never before = Human impact has pushed Earth into the Anthropocene, scientists say, Adam Vaughan, Jan 7, 2016
injecting ever more = How we measure background CO2 levels on Mauna Loa, Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA
insulating CO2 = CO2 Science – Blue team: “Pruitt, it’s certain as certain gets! It’s the physics! Don’t you know???, ConfrontingScienceContrarians, citizenschallenge
carbonic-acid = The Chemistry of Ocean Acidification, PMEL_NOAA_gov
since the triggers  = The Great Permian Extinction: When all life on Earth almost vanish, Jackson Chambers, 2016

¶24
Not much = Peter, why are you an Earth Centrist?
there will be consequences = FOURTH NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT, nca2018_globalchange_gov
Mother Earth = Our Changing Biosphere, serc.carleton_edu

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